What N91 covers · when clinicians use it
ICD-10 code N91 identifies Absent, scanty and rare menstruation in the U.S. ICD-10-CM clinical and billing record set. It sits within the Genitourinary System chapter (N00–N99), the section that groups related diagnoses so providers, payers, and public-health agencies report them consistently. Clinicians and medical coders apply N91 when an encounter's findings match the Absent, scanty and rare menstruation description, attaching it to the patient record so downstream insurance claims, payer audits, quality reporting, and epidemiological surveillance all reference the same standardized diagnosis. The ICD-10-CM is maintained by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services and the CDC's National Center for Health Statistics, with an updated official code set released each U.S. fiscal year — always verify N91 against the current CMS/CDC release and your payer's documentation guidance before final use. This page summarizes documentation context for N91 and is a coding reference, not clinical, diagnostic, or billing advice.
N91 refers to Absent, scanty and rare menstruation, covering a wide range of gynecologic and reproductive health conditions from endometriosis, genital prolapse, infertility, to menopausal symptoms and surgical complications.
Symptoms
- Pelvic pain – Common in endometriosis (N80) and menstrual disorders (N91–N94)
- Abnormal bleeding – Seen in uterine and vaginal bleeding disorders (N92–N93)
- Infertility – Primary or secondary, related to disorders like N80, N83, N97
- Urinary or bowel dysfunction – In cases of pelvic organ prolapse (N81) or fistulae (N82)
- Vaginal or vulvar changes – Due to menopause (N95) or inflammatory disorders
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of Absent, scanty and rare menstruation involves detailed patient history, pelvic examination, ultrasound imaging, hysteroscopy, laparoscopy, hormonal assays, cervical cytology, and specialized fertility investigations depending on the presenting condition.
ICD10 Code Usage
ICD10 code N91 is widely used by gynecologists, reproductive endocrinologists, fertility specialists, and women's health providers for documentation, treatment planning, surgical interventions, and reproductive counseling.
Related Codes
- N80 – Endometriosis
- N81 – Female genital prolapse
- N82 – Fistulae involving female genital tract
- N83 – Noninflammatory disorders of ovary, fallopian tube and broad ligament
- N84 – Polyp of female genital tract
- N85 – Other noninflammatory disorders of uterus, except cervix
- N86 – Erosion and ectropion of cervix uteri
- N87 – Dysplasia of cervix uteri
- N88 – Other noninflammatory disorders of cervix uteri
- N89 – Other noninflammatory disorders of vagina
- N90 – Other noninflammatory disorders of vulva and perineum
- N92 – Excessive, frequent and irregular menstruation
- N93 – Other abnormal uterine and vaginal bleeding
- N94 – Pain and other conditions associated with female genital organs and menstrual cycle
- N95 – Menopausal and other perimenopausal disorders
- N96 – Recurrent pregnancy loss
- N97 – Female infertility
- N98 – Complications associated with artificial fertilization
- N99 – Intraoperative and postprocedural complications and disorders of genitourinary system, not elsewhere classified
FAQs
Q1: What is ICD10 code N91?
A: It refers to Absent, scanty and rare menstruation, encompassing gynecological, reproductive, menstrual, and post-surgical disorders affecting the female genital tract.
Q2: What is endometriosis (N80)?
A: A chronic condition where endometrial-like tissue grows outside the uterus, causing pain, inflammation, and often infertility.
Q3: How is recurrent pregnancy loss (N96) diagnosed?
A: Typically after two or more miscarriages; workup includes genetic testing, uterine imaging, clotting studies, and hormonal evaluations.
Q4: What causes abnormal uterine bleeding (N92–N93)?
A: Hormonal imbalances, uterine fibroids, polyps, malignancies, or coagulation disorders can cause irregular or heavy bleeding.
Q5: How are complications from artificial fertilization (N98) managed?
A: Management depends on the complication, ranging from supportive care for mild ovarian hyperstimulation to surgical intervention for severe complications.
Conclusion
ICD10 code N91 supports comprehensive documentation and targeted management of Absent, scanty and rare menstruation, improving diagnostic clarity, patient counseling, and therapeutic outcomes across all stages of female reproductive health.